Data & Reference
Country info, trivia, quotes, and facts — 5 free tools available. No signup required.
Reference lookups and conversions: country data, postal codes, time zones, distances, date codes and sizing charts.
The reference tools here are built on bundled, citable datasets rather than live scraping where that is possible. Country data comes from a version-controlled open dataset combined with World Bank population figures; flag images are bundled and served from this site. That makes the answers reproducible and stops a page breaking when a third-party API disappears, which has happened to several that tools like these used to rely on.
Where a tool does depend on a live service, the page says which one and what happens when it is unavailable.
Where to start
- Country Information Lookup — Population, capital, currency, languages, area and borders for all 193 UN member states from a bundled dataset.
- World Clock & Global Timezone Converter — Converts between time zones with daylight saving handled properly.
- Distance Between Cities Calculator — Straight-line distance between two cities or coordinates in miles, kilometers and nautical miles, with direction and midpoint.
- Shoe Size Converter — US, UK, EU and Japan sizes, or a size from foot length, with the formulas and full charts shown.
All data & reference (5)
Country Information Lookup
Country info for 250 countries and territories: population, capital, area, currencies, languages, calling code…
World Clock & Global Timezone Converter
A world clock converter across 12 major cities, with offsets shown to the minute because not every zone is a whole…
Military Time Converter
Convert military (24-hour) time to standard AM/PM time and back, see how to say it (“fourteen thirty hours”), and…
Distance Between Cities Calculator
Find the straight-line distance between two cities or coordinates in miles, kilometers and nautical miles, plus…
Shoe Size Converter
Convert shoe sizes between US men’s, women’s and kids’, UK, EU and Japan cm, or find your size from foot length.
Why 193 and not some other number
Country tools have to draw a boundary and every option is arguable. We use United Nations membership: 193 states. Vatican City and the State of Palestine are permanent observers rather than members and are excluded on that basis. Taiwan, Kosovo and several others are recognized by some states and not others. Dependencies and overseas territories have flags and populations but are not sovereign. UN membership is the least contestable line available because it is a fact about a register rather than a judgment about legitimacy.
Time zones are political, not geographical
Offsets are set by governments and change, sometimes with very little notice and sometimes in the middle of a year. Daylight saving start and end dates differ by country and hemisphere, several regions have offsets that are not whole hours, and a few have abolished the practice recently. This is why converting by adding a remembered number of hours fails in exactly the weeks it matters most. Any correct conversion has to use a maintained time zone database rather than a fixed offset.
Bundled data versus live APIs
Some tools in this category call a free public API and the honest question about any of them is where the data actually comes from. Postal-code lookups and the NASA picture archive depend on a live service, and each of those pages names it and says what happens when it is unavailable. Country facts, sizing charts and date conversions use bundled data or published formulas instead, so they keep working offline and give the same answer every time.
Frequently asked questions
How current is the country data?
It is a bundled snapshot built from an open, version-controlled dataset with World Bank population figures, and each page states the year the population data refers to. It updates when we rebuild rather than continuously.
Why does a postal code lookup fail for my address?
Coverage varies by country and several only resolve the first part of a code: Canada's forward sortation area, the UK's outward code. The tool normalizes what you type to the format the data source expects, but some regions simply are not covered.
Does the world clock handle daylight saving?
Yes. It uses the browser's time zone database rather than fixed offsets, so daylight saving transitions and non-hourly offsets are applied correctly.
Why do some reference tools return nothing?
Usually because the answer genuinely is nothing: an uncommon name with no records, a postal code outside the covered region. Our tools aim to distinguish that from a failure and say which one occurred.